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James Duane (February 6, 1733 – February 1, 1797) was an American lawyer, jurist, and Revolutionary leader from New York. He served as a delegate to the Continental Congress, a New York state senator, the 44th Mayor of New York City – the first post-colonial American mayor – and a U.S. District Judge. Duane was a signer of both the Continental Association and the Articles of Confederation. == Family and early career == James Duane was the son of a wealthy〔Burrows & Wallace (1999), p. 221〕 Anglo-Irish colonial settler. His father, Anthony Duane (c. 1679–1747), was a Protestant Irishman from County Galway in Ireland and first came to New York as an officer of the Royal Navy in 1698. Like others of colonial background, Anthony considered himself merely settling from one part of the British Empire to another as a free subject. Consequently, he maintained strong allegiance to the crown throughout his life, values which he later passed on to his son. He met and courted Eva Benson, whose father, Dirck, was a local American merchant. In 1702 Anthony left the navy, settled in New York, and married Eva. They had two sons before her death. When Eva died, Anthony remarried, this time to Althea Ketaltas (Hettletas), the daughter of a wealthy Dutch merchant family.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/msscfa/sc14786.htm )〕 Anthony entered commerce and prospered, and the couple had a son, James. Duane's mother, Althea, died in 1736, and his father married a third time in 1741 to Margaret Riken (Rycken),〔 the widow of Thomas Lynch of Flushing, New York. When Anthony Duane died in 1747, Duane became the ward of American aristocrat Robert Livingston, who was known as the 3rd Lord of the Manor. He completed his early education at Livingston Manor, then read law as a clerk in the offices of James Alexander. He was admitted to the bar in 1754.〔Vorhees, David William. "Duane, James" in , p. 380〕 As a lawyer, Duane represented Trinity Church in the very protracted legal action brought by heirs of Anneke Jans, who claimed that they, and not the church, were the lawful owners of much of lower Manhattan, a tract which had been given to the church by the British crown.〔 By the early 1770s, Duane's practice earned him 1,400 pounds annually.〔 At the height of his success, Duane had a house in Manhattan, and one in the country, as well as an estate near Schenectady, New York of and 253 tenants.〔 He was a vestryman of Trinity Church, was appointed one of the church's nine trustees during a post-war crisis about the church's Tory-leanings,〔Burrows & Wallace (1999), p. 269〕 and was also a trustee of Kings College, the precursor to Columbia University.〔 On October 21, 1759, Duane married Mary Livingston, the eldest daughter of his former guardian Robert. After Livingston died, Duane married Gertrude Schuyler.〔 Duane was Clerk of the Chancery Court of New York in 1762, acting provincial Attorney General in 1767〔 and Indian Commissioner for the Province of New York in 1774. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Duane」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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